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Ancient hot and cold genes and chemotherapy resistance emergence.

Wu, A Zhang, Q Lambert, G Khin, Z Gatenby, Ra Kim, Hj Nader Pourmand Bussey, K Davies, Pc Sturm, Jc ...

Published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

We use a microfabricated ecology with a doxorubicin gradient and population fragmentation to produce a strong Darwinian selective pressure that drives forward the rapid emergence of doxorubicin resistance in multiple myeloma (MM) cancer cells. RNA sequencing of the resistant cells was used to examine (i) emergence of genes with high de novo substit...

Proton-hydroxide permeability of liposomes.

David Deamer Nichols, Jw

Published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Liposome permeability to net proton-hydroxide flux was compared under two conditions that have produced extreme values in previous studies. In the first [Nichols, J.W. & Deamer, D.W. (1980) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77, 2038-2042] small pH gradients were permitted to decay near pH 7 and permeability coefficients in the range of 10(-4) cm/sec were ...

Multiplex protein assays based on real-time magnetic nanotag sensing.

Osterfeld, Sebastian J Yu, Heng Gaster, Richard S Caramuta, Stefano Xu, Liang Han, Shu-Jen Hall, Drew A Wilson, Robert J Sun, Shouheng White, Robert L ...

Published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Magnetic nanotags (MNTs) are a promising alternative to fluorescent labels in biomolecular detection assays, because minute quantities of MNTs can be detected with inexpensive giant magnetoresistive (GMR) sensors, such as spin valve (SV) sensors. However, translating this promise into easy to use and multilplexed protein assays, which are highly so...

Net proton-hydroxyl permeability of large unilamellar liposomes measured by an acid-base titration technique.

Nichols, Jw David Deamer

Published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

The net proton-hydroxyl permeability of large unilamellar liposomes has been measured by an acid-base pulse titration technique and has been determined to be several orders of magnitude greater than that measured for other monovalent ions. This permeability is relatively insensitive to variations in lipid composition. Proton permeability and hydrox...

Nucleobases bind to and stabilize aggregates of a prebiotic amphiphile, providing a viable mechanism for the emergence o...

Black, Ra Blosser, Mc Stottrup, Bl Tavakley, R David Deamer Keller, Sl

Published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Primordial cells presumably combined RNAs, which functioned as catalysts and carriers of genetic information, with an encapsulating membrane of aggregated amphiphilic molecules. Major questions regarding this hypothesis include how the four bases and the sugar in RNA were selected from a mixture of prebiotic compounds and colocalized with such memb...

Branch migration displacement assay with automated heuristic analysis for discrete DNA length measurement using DNA micr...

Nader Pourmand Caramuta, S Villablanca, A Mori, S Karhanek, M Wang, Sx Davis, Rw

Published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

The analysis of short tandem repeats (STRs) plays an important role in forensic science, human identification, genetic mapping, and disease diagnostics. Traditional STR analysis utilizes gel- or column-based approaches to analyze DNA repeats. Individual STR alleles are separated and distinguished according to fragment length; thus the assay is gene...

Structure of a core fragment of glycoprotein H from pseudorabies virus in complex with antibody.

Backovic, Marija DuBois, Rebecca M Cockburn, Joseph J Sharff, Andrew J Vaney, Marie-Christine Granzow, Harald Klupp, Barbara G Bricogne, Gerard Mettenleiter, Thomas C Rey, Felix A ...

Published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Compared with many well-studied enveloped viruses, herpesviruses use a more sophisticated molecular machinery to induce fusion of viral and cellular membranes during cell invasion. This essential function is carried out by glycoprotein B (gB), a class III viral fusion protein, together with the heterodimer of glycoproteins H and L (gH/gL). In pseud...

Direct electrical detection of DNA synthesis.

Nader Pourmand Karhanek, M Persson, Hh Webb, Cd Lee, Th Zahradníková, A Davis, Rw

Published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Rapid, sequence-specific DNA detection is essential for applications in medical diagnostics and genetic screening. Electrical biosensors that use immobilized nucleic acids are especially promising in these applications because of their potential for miniaturization and automation. Current DNA detection methods based on sequencing by synthesis rely ...

Label-free biosensing with functionalized nanopipette probes.

Umehara, Senkei Karhanek, Miloslav Davis, Ronald W Pourmand, Nader

Published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Nanopipette technology can uniquely identify biomolecules such as proteins based on differences in size, shape, and electrical charge. These differences are determined by the detection of changes in ionic current as the proteins interact with the nanopipette tip coated with probe molecules. Here we show that electrostatic, biotin-streptavidin, and ...

Characterization of individual polynucleotide molecules using a membrane channel.

Kasianowicz, Jj Brandin, E Branton, D David Deamer

Published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

We show that an electric field can drive single-stranded RNA and DNA molecules through a 2.6-nm diameter ion channel in a lipid bilayer membrane. Because the channel diameter can accommodate only a single strand of RNA or DNA, each polymer traverses the membrane as an extended chain that partially blocks the channel. The passage of each molecule is...

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